5.4 Crowdsourcing 众包

While computing innovations are typically designed to achieve a specific purpose, they may have unintended consequences.

• 虽然计算创新通常旨在实现特定目的，但它们可能产生意想不到的后果。

核心要点 Core Points

1. Widespread access to information and public data facilitates the identification of problems, development of solutions, and dissemination of results.

   • 广泛访问信息和公共数据促进了问题的识别、解决方案的开发和结果的传播。

2. Science has been affected by using distributed and "citizen science" to solve scientific problems.

   • 科学受到使用分布式和"公民科学"解决科学问题的影响。

3. Citizen science is scientific research conducted in whole or part by distributed individuals, many of whom may not be scientists, who contribute relevant data to research using their own computing devices.

   • 公民科学是由分布式个人全部或部分进行的科学研究，其中许多人可能不是科学家，他们使用自己的计算设备为研究贡献相关数据。

4. Crowdsourcing is the practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the Internet.

   • 众包是通过互联网从大量人员那里获得输入或信息的做法。

5. Human capabilities can be enhanced by collaboration via computing.

   • 人类能力可以通过计算协作得到增强。

6. Crowdsourcing offers new models for collaboration, such as connecting businesses or social causes with funding.

   • 众包提供了新的协作模式，如将企业或社会事业与资金连接起来。

学生活动 Student Activities

1. Explain how people participate in problem-solving processes at scale.
   • 解释人们如何大规模参与问题解决过程。

相关资源 Related Resources

• ACM Tech News from Association for Computing Machinery
  • ACM技术新闻 来自计算机械协会