1.1 Collaboration 协作

Incorporating multiple perspectives through collaboration improves computing innovations as they are developed.

• 通过协作整合多种观点，可以改善正在开发中的计算创新。

核心要点 Core Points

1. A computing innovation includes a program as an integral part of its function.

   • 一个计算创新包含一个程序作为其功能的组成部分。

2. A computing innovation can be physical (e.g., self-driving car), nonphysical computing software (e.g., picture editing software), or a nonphysical computing concept (e.g., e-commerce).

   • 计算创新可以是物理的（例如，自动驾驶汽车）、非物理的计算软件（例如，图片编辑软件），或非物理的计算概念（例如，电子商务）。

3. Effective collaboration produces a computing innovation that reflects the diversity of talents and perspectives of those who designed it.

   • 有效的协作产生一个反映设计者才能和观点多样性的计算创新。

4. Collaboration that includes diverse perspectives helps avoid bias in the development of computing innovations.

   • 包含多样化观点的协作有助于避免计算创新开发中的偏见。

5. Consultation and communication with users are important aspects of the development of computing innovations.

   • 与用户的咨询和沟通是计算创新开发的重要方面。

6. Online tools support collaboration by allowing programmers to share and provide feedback on ideas and documents.

   • 在线工具通过允许程序员分享想法和文档并提供反馈来支持协作。

7. Common models such as pair programming exist to facilitate collaboration.

   • 存在诸如结对编程等常见模型来促进协作。

8. Effective collaborative teams practice interpersonal skills, including but not limited to:

   • 有效的协作团队实践人际交往技能，包括但不限于：
   • communication 沟通
   • consensus building 建立共识
   • conflict resolution 冲突解决
   • negotiation 谈判

学生活动 Student Activities

1. Explain how computing innovations are improved through collaboration.

   • 解释协作如何改善计算创新。

2. Explain how computing innovations are developed by groups of people.

   • 解释计算创新如何由群体开发。

3. Demonstrate effective interpersonal skills during collaboration.

   • 在协作过程中展示有效的人际交往技能。

相关资源 Related Resources

• Collaboration Tools from Cornell University Center for Teaching Innovation

  • 协作工具 来自康奈尔大学教学创新中心

• 4 Methods to Enhance Student Collaboration in the Classroom from Concordia University Portland

  • 增强课堂学生协作的4种方法 来自康科迪亚大学波特兰分校

必背单词

1. 协作 collaboration
2. 计算创新 computing innovation
3. 物理的 physical
4. 硬件的 hardware
5. 自动驾驶汽车 self-driving car
6. 差异性 diversity
7. 观点，意见 perspective
8. 偏见 bias
9. 结对编程 pair programming
10. 沟通 communication
11. 共识 consensus
12. 冲突 conflict
13. 谈判 negotiation
14. 康奈尔大学 Cornell University
15. 文档 documentation
16. 消除，对...不予考虑 eliminate
17. 使更容易，使便利；促进，推动 facilitate
18. 预测 anticipate
19. 避免 avoid
20. 个人的 individual